RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGHANCUR DAN PEMERAS KUNYIT KAPASITAS 5 KG DENGAN KENDALI PLC DAN HMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32497/orbith.v21i2.7039Keywords:
crusher, herbal medicine, HMI, PLC, Press, SCADA, SMEs, TurnericAbstract
Abstrak
Kunyit (curcuma longa) merupakan bahan baku dalam pembuatan jamu tradisional karena kandungan kurkuminnya yang berfungsi sebagai anti-oksidan dan anti-inflamasi. Proses produksi jamu kunyit di skala UMKM masih banyak dilakukan secara manual, terutama pada tahap penghancuran dan pemerasan, sehingga membutuhkan banyak tenaga, waktu, dan berpotensi menurunkan higienitas produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun mesin penghancur dan pemeras kunyit berkapasitas 5 kg yang dikendalikan secara otomatis. Mesin menggunakan PLC sebagai sistem kendali serta dilengkapi sistem monitoring SCADA dan HMI. Metode yang digunakan meliputi perancangan mesin dan sistem kontrol, dilanjutkan dengan pengujian keandalan mesin. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian pada beban 5 kg, mesin mampu menyelesaikan satu siklus produksi dalam waktu 8 menit 51 detik dan efektivitas pemerasan mencapai 30,2% terhadap berat bahan awal. Waktu ini relatif lebih singkat dibandingkan proses manual pada UMKM yang umumnya membutuhkan waktu 1 jam 30 menit untuk kapasitas 15 kg. Konsumsi daya sekitar 0,85 kWh per siklus dengan biaya operasional listrik per siklus produksi diperkirakan sekitar Rp 1.228. Hal ini menunjukan efisiensi waktu yang signifikan sekaligus penggunaan energi yang terukur dibandingkan metode manual.
Kata kunci : HMI, jamu, kunyit, PLC, pemeras, penghancur, SCADA
Abstract
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a primary raw material in the production of traditional herbal medicine due to its curcumin content, which functions as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the production process of turmeric-based herbal medicine is still largely carried out manually, particularly in the crushing and pressing stages, which requires considerable labor and time and may reduce product hygiene. This study aims to design and develop a 5 kg capacity turmeric crusher and press machine with an automatic control system. The machine is equipped with a PLC as the control unit and supported by SCADA and HMI monitoring systems. The methodology includes machine and control system design, followed by reliability testing. Experimental results at a 5 kg load show that the machine can complete one production cycle in 8 minutes and 51 seconds, with a pressing efficiency of 30.2% of the initial raw material weight. This processing time is shorter compared to manual methods in SMEs, which typically require about 1 hour and 30 minutes for a 15 kg capacity. The machine consumes approximately 0.85 kWh of energy per cycle, with an estimated operating cost of about Rp 1,228 per production cycle. These results demonstrate significant time efficiency as well as measurable energy usage compared to manual methods.
Keywords: Crusher, herbal medicine, HMI, PLC, press, SCADA, SMEs, turmeric
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