PERILAKU BETON NORMAL TERHADAP KOMBINASI BAHAN SUBSTITUSI SEMEN MENGGUNAKAN ABU KELAPA DAN SICA FUME

Masmian Mahida, Robi Fernando, Iswatul Mualimah, Siti Usarofah

Abstract


Abstrak

Pembuatan beton sesuai standar sangat ditekankan terutama untuk menghasilkan kuat rencana yang diinginkan, seperti menggunakan standar untuk campuran beton normal dengan SNI 03-2834-2000. Standar pemilihan bahan campuran terutama semen merupakan bahan sangat penting terutama sebagai bahan pengikat antara agregat dengan air dalam membuat beton normal. Salah satu aspek yang paling penting untuk diketahui dari pembuatan beton adalah mengetahui kekuatan tekan betonnya. Dan kekuatan tekan beton sangat dipengaruhi oleh jenis semen yang digunakan, proporsi, dan rasio air-semen dalam campuran. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian laboratorium beton terhadap kombinasi bahan substitusi semen menggunakan abu kelapa dan sica fume untuk mengetahui kuat tekan betonnya dengan metode uji untuk kekuatan tekan spesimen beton silinder SNI.1974:2023. Kombinasi bahan substitusi semen menggunakan abu kelapa dan sica fume ini terdiri dari 5 variasi, yakni variasi 1 (100% semen), variasi 2 (94% semen, 3% abu kelapa, 3% sica fume), variasi 3 (90% semen, 5% abu kelapa, 5% sica fume), variasi 4 (86% semen, 7% abu kelapa, 7% sica fume), dan variasi 5 (80% semen, 10% abu kelapa, 10% sica fume). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa semakin bertambah umur beton maka nilai kuat tekan beton semakin bertambah, yakni di atas nilai rencana kuat tekan 25 MPa untuk umur beton 28 hari untuk variasi 1 sampai dengan variasi 5 dengan nilai rata-rata kuat tekan beton 35,93 MPa. Kemudian berdasarkan kombinasi bahan substitusi semen menggunakan abu kelapa dan sica fume menunjukkan variasi 4 dengan abu kelapa (7%) dan sica fume (7%) merupakan kombinasi terbaik yang direkomendasikan karena memiliki nilai kuat tekan beton pada umur beton 21 sebesar 40,93 MPa dan pada umur beton 28 hari sebesar 40,16 MPa tertinggi dibanding dengan variasi lainnya.

Kata kunci: Beton normal, substitusi, kuat tekan


Abstract

The production of concrete according to standards is emphasized, especially to achieve the desired design strength, such as using the standards for normal concrete mixtures as outlined in SNI 03-2834-2000. The selection of mixture materials, particularly cement, is crucial as it serves as the binding agent between aggregates and water in creating normal concrete. One of the most important aspects to understand in concrete production is determining its compressive strength. The compressive strength of concrete is significantly influenced by the type of cement used, the proportions, and the water-cement ratio in the mixture. This study conducted laboratory testing on concrete with a combination of substitute materials using coconut ash and silica fume to determine the compressive strength of concrete through the testing method for cylindrical concrete specimens according to SNI 1974:2023. The combinations of substitute materials using coconut ash and silica fume consist of five variations: Variation 1 (100% cement), Variation 2 (94% cement, 3% coconut ash, 3% silica fume), Variation 3 (90% cement, 5% coconut ash, 5% silica fume), Variation 4 (86% cement, 7% coconut ash, 7% silica fume), and Variation 5 (80% cement, 10% coconut ash, 10% silica fume). The test results indicate that as the age of the concrete increases, the compressive strength also increases, exceeding the target design strength of 25 MPa at 28 days for Variations 1 through 5, with an average compressive strength of 35.93 MPa. Furthermore, based on the combinations of substitute materials using coconut ash and silica fume, Variation 4 with 7% coconut ash and 7% silica fume is recommended as the best combination, as it exhibits the highest compressive strength at 21 days of 40.93 MPa and at 28 days of 40.16 MPa compared to the other variations.

Keywords: Normal concrete, substitution, compressive strength

Keywords


Normal concrete, substitution, compressive strength

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32497/orbith.v20i3.6250

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