Perbandingan Kontrol Temperatur menggunakan Relay dan PID pada Oven Pengering berbasis Load Cell untuk Mengukur Kadar Air Buah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32497/jrm.v20i1.6135Keywords:
Arduino, kadar air, kontrol temperatur, oven pengering, PIDAbstract
Pengeringan merupakan metode pengawetan yang digunakan untuk mengurangi kadar air pada makanan, memperpanjang masa simpan, dan menjaga kualitas produk. Penelitian ini membandingkan performa kontrol relay dan PID pada oven pengering berbasis load cell untuk mengukur kadar air buah secara otomatis sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Pendekatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan efisiensi waktu dan akurasi proses pengeringan tanpa perlu penimbangan sampel secara manual. Metode penelitian melibatkan penggunaan oven pengering dengan load cell untuk membaca perubahan massa buah selama pengeringan. Arduino sebagai pengendali utama, thermocouple untuk memantau temperatur, dan mosul HX711 melalukan proses data massa. Dua skema kontrol temperatur uji relay dan PID dengan mode PI, dengan temperatur ditetapkan 105˚C. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kontrol relay tidak mampu menjaga kestabilan temperatur akibat sifat on/off-nya yang tidak presisi. Sebaliknya, kontrol PID mode PI memberikan kestabilan temperatur dengan toleransi ±1˚C dengan rise time 2,43 menit, settling time 29,025 menit. Sistem diuji menggunakan buah mangga hingga massa stabil dengan laju penguapan rata-rata 1g/menit dan kadar air akhir mencapai 80,95%. Kontribusi penelitian ini terletak pada pengembangan sistem alat ukur kadar air berbasis evaporasi yang terintegrasi dengan load cell dan kontrol suhu otomatis, memungkinkan pengukuran kadar air secara real-time dan non-destruktif. Sistem ini berpotensi diterapkan dalam laboratorium maupun sektor industri yang membutuhkan pengukuran kadar air bahan secara efisien, presisi, dan berkelanjutan.
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