Improved communication skills of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder using Augmented Reality based on PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System)

Taryadi Taryadi

Abstract


PECS is a method for developing communication using images to exchange desired objects according to the image, especially for children with autism with non-verbal abilities. PECS has many advantages over other communication learning methods that can encourage autistic children to communicate well. Besides having many advantages, the PECS method itself has many disadvantages. The research conducted was to build an application specifically designed for children with autism by correcting the deficiencies that exist in learning with the PECS method. The application is designed with the guidance of an expert Psychologist Children with Special Needs and refers to previous studies as reference material for application interface design. Application testing involves 4 autistic children from 2 different SLBs. Tests are carried out 2 times for each child to find out the progress of application utilization. The test results show that the proposed application is in accordance with the aesthetic design of the MDA framework that is designed so that it is truly able to be accepted by autistic children while also having a positive impact on them, as well as being able to create a learning environment that is more enjoyable both for children with autism and for teachers.

Keywords


PECS; Augmented Reality and alternative communication; Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Mesibov, G. B., Adams, L. W., & Klinger, L. G. (2013). Autism: Understanding the disorder. Springer Science & Business Media.

Charlop‐Christy, M. H., Carpenter, M., Le, L., LeBlanc, L. A., & Kellet, K. (2012). Using the picture exchange communication system (PECS) with children with autism: Assessment of PECS acquisition, speech, social‐communicative behavior, and problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 35(3), 213–231.

Sulzer-Azaroff, B., Hoffman, A. O., Horton, C. B., Bondy, A., & Frost, L. (2009). The Picture Exchange System (PECS): What do the data say? Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 24(2), 89–103.

Light, J., & McNaughton, D. (2012). Supporting the communication, language, and literacy development of children with complex communication needs: State of the science and future research priorities. Assistive Technology, 24(1), 34–44.

Kagohara, D. M., Meer, L. van der, Ramdoss, S., O’Reilly, M. F., Lancioni, G. E., Davis, T. N., Sigafoos, J. (2013). Using iPods® and iPads® in teaching programs for individuals with developmental disabilities: A systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(1147-156.).

Flores, M., Musgrove, K., Renner, S., Hinton, V., Strozier, S., Franklin, S., & Hil, D. (2012). A comparison of communication using the Apple iPad and a picture-based system. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 28(2), 74–84.

Moore, M., & Calvert, S. (2010). Brief Report: Vocabulary Acquisition for Children with Autism: Teacher or Computer Instruction. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30(4), 359–362.

Anwar, A., Rahman, M. M., Ferdous, S. M., & Ahmed, S. I. (2011). A computer gamebased approach for increasing fluency in the speech of the autistic children. In 11th IEEE international conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), 2011 (pp. 17–18).

Frutos, M., Bustos, I., Zapirain, B. G., & Zorrilla, A. M. (2011). Computer game to learn and enhance speech problems for children with autism. In 16th international conference on Computer Games (CGAMES) (pp. 209–216). IEEE.

Bosseler, A., & Massaro, D. W. (2013). Development and evaluation of a computer-animated tutor for vocabulary and language learning in children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(6), 653–669.

Coleman-Martin, M. B., Heller, K. W., Cihak, D. F., & Irvine, K. L. (2015). Using computer-assisted instruction and the nonverbal reading approach to teach word identification. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20(2), 80–90.

Hailpern, J., Karahalios, K., & Halle, J. (2009). Creating a Spoken Impact: encouraging vocalization through audio visual feedback in children with ASD. In Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2009 (pp. 453–462.). Boston, MA, USA.

Hetzroni, O. E., & Tannous, J. (2014). Effects of a ComputerBased Intervention Program on the Communicative Functions of Children with Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(2), 95–113.

Whalen, C., Liden, L., Ingersoll, B., Dallaire, E., & Liden, S. (2016). Behavioral Improvements Associated with ComputerAssisted Instruction for Children with Developmental Disabilities. The Journal of Speech and Language Pathology, 1(1), 11–26.

Madsen, M., Kaliouby, R. el, Eckhardt, M., Hoque, M. E., Goodwin, M. S., & Picard, R. (2009). Lessons from participatory design with adolescents on the autism spectrum. In CHI 2009 (pp. 3835–3840). ACM Press.

Mariger, H. (2006). Cognitive Disabilities and the Web: Where Accessibility and Usability Meet? Retrieved January 23, 2016, from http://ncdae.org/resources/articles/cognitive/

Taryadi, Kurniawan, Ichwan, (2017). The improvement of autism spectrum disorders child communication ability with PECS method Multimedia Augmented Reality based, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Series. 947

Frost, L., & Bondy, A. (2012). The Picture Exchange Communication System training manual. (2nd ed.). Cherry Hill, NJ: Pyramid Educational Consultants.

Tincani, M. (2014). Comparing the picture exchange communication system and sign language training for children with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Development Disabilities, 19(3), 152–163.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32497/jaict.v3i2.1338

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN: 2541-6340
Online ISSN: 2541-6359

Visitor: 

View My Stats

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.